引用

马红球菌是一种通常从土壤中分离出来的细菌，主要导致马驹和免疫功能低下的成年马感染肺炎。许多疫苗的设计和测试是为了保护马驹不患肺炎;然而，迄今为止，除了活的、致命的马R.马，还没有疫苗可以保护马驹免受马R.马支气管内感染。为了评估电子束照射作为马白蚁失活方法的效果，将2个浓度(浓度1,1 × 10^(8)菌落形成单位/ml [CFU/ml]或浓度2,1 × 10^(9) CFU/ml)的马白蚁置于0至7 kGy的电子束辐射剂量范围内。浓度为1和浓度为2的微生物分别在4和5 kGy下被充分灭活，细菌细胞壁保持完整，而热灭活样品表明细胞壁受损。在新生马驹中测试了这两种浓度的免疫原性和对粪便微生物群的影响。研究了粘膜和血清抗体反应，以及细胞介导的免疫反应。肠内注射电子束灭活马鞭草可增加新生马驹IFN-γ的产生，并在鼻咽产生马鞭草特异性IgA。在母体抗体存在的情况下，灭活疫苗对新生马驹安全且具有免疫原性。在接种疫苗的马驹中，没有观察到处理对粪便微生物组组成或多样性的影响; however, marked and significant differences in microbial communities and diversity were observed between foals at 32 days of age relative to 2 days of age regardless of treatment. In conclusion, electron-beam irradiation is an appropriate method for inactivation of R. equi, and e-beam irradiated R. equi vaccine is immunogenic in neonatal foals. Also, age-related changes in immune responses and the fecal microbial population occurred in healthy foals vaccinated enterally with e-beam inactivated R. equi. Mucosal vaccination does not result in major changes of the fecal microbiome in foals.